www.creativecockades.com The Cockade Column - Yankee Doodle's Cockade Yankee Doodle went to town Riding on a pony; He stuck a feather in his hat,

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The Cockade Column -
Yankee Doodle's Cockade

Yankee Doodle went to town
Riding on a pony;
He stuck a feather in his hat,
And called it macaroni!

As American prepare to celebrate Independence Day on July 4, many will be singing what appears to be merely a nonsense song. After all, feathers do not remotely resemble pasta, even when stuck in a hat!

But when you know the story behind the historical slang in this song, it makes perfect sense.

King George III by Sir William Beechey  2

King George and his black cockade

During the American Revolution, both British and American soldiers wore cockades in their hats. The British army included not only native Englishmen but German soldiers as well, hired by the Hanoverian King George. The soldiers' cockades reflected their nationality.

American military cockades were another story. In the earlier French and Indian War, Americans wore - if they wore one at all - the black Hanoverian cockade inherited from Britain. But as the motley state and local militias gathered into something loosely called the "continental army" during the Revolutionary War, General George Washington felt the need for some clarity in their appearance. Since the fledgling United States couldn't afford new uniforms for everyone, Washington decided to use cockades for designating rank.

Rev War - Brown U

A French soldier's watercolor of American Revolution soldiers

“As the Continental Army has unfortunately no uniforms, and consequently many inconveniences must arise from not being able to distinguish the commissioned officers from the privates, it is desired that some badge of distinction be immediately provided; for instance that the field officers may have red or pink colored cockades in their hats, the captains yellow or buff, and the subalterns green.”

800px-Battle of Guiliford Courthouse 15 March 1781

A few years into the war, Washington again changed back to the original black cockade. During all of this cockade swirling, many British soldiers sneered at the American "rabble" of soldiers with their makeshift uniforms and insignia. When the British created mocking lyrics to sing about the "Yankee" soldiers, it was only natural that they should refer to the makeshift cockades as well.

A slang term of the time for military cockades and insignia was "macaroni." So when the British sang about Yankee Doodle calling the feather in his hat "macaroni," they were labeling it Do-It-Yourself insignia, not pasta!

And yes, cockades were occasionally adorned with - or even made completely from - feathers! In fact, I found one newspaper quote that said that after the war while he was president, George Washington wore his black cockade fringed "an inch deep with feathers."

Thus, an emblem that was mocked by the British became a symbol that even our first American president was unashamed to wear.

star spangled banner at ft mchenry

The Fort McHenry flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write "The Star Spangled Banner"

For several decades, "Yankee Doodle" remained the unofficial national American song. That is, until the singing of "Yankee Doodle" coincided with another historical event - the Battle at Fort McHenry in the War of 1812.

As the British bombarded the fort through the night, Francis Scott Key was held a prisoner on a nearby British warship. As the day dawned, Key was anxiously watching for some sign that the fort was still in American hands. In the fort itself, US Major Armistead commanded that a large American flag be raised while the band played - yes - "Yankee Doodle."

Eight miles downriver, Key saw the flag with great relief and wrote what would become the new National Anthem, "The Star Spangled Banner."

john-trumbull-the-declaration-of-independence-july-4-1776

As we celebrate our nation's freedom let's not forget those who made it possible.

Men like George Washington struggled for freedom against a well-equipped foe with a rag-tag army full of makeshift uniforms and weapons.

Men like Francis Scott Key not only risked their lives but also eloquently wrote the story of our freedom.

And men like Yankee Doodle - the everyday soldier - cheerfully put their lives on the line as they stuck a feather in their hats and called it macaroni!

American patriots in 1776 boldly pledged their "lives, fortunes and sacred honor" to bring freedom to a small group of colonies in 1776. Let us continue and preserve the work they so courageously started!

***
July 4 2014

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Need a patriotic cockade? Today through Saturday, I am offering 10% off in my shop when you use the coupon code JULY4. Happy shopping!

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Thanks for reading... see you next week!

Regards,
~Heather Sheen
Owner, Creative Cockades

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